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Research methodology is defined as a systematic analysis or investigation into the research subject in order to discover rationale and experimental principles, facts, theories, applications & processes. According to Davies & Elder (2006), successful completion of the research highly depends on its research methodology.



Research philosophy is the approach to understand and write the knowledge that is gained by conducting the research. Three types of research philosophies are used in research paper. These are positivism, interpretive and critical (Mackenzie & Knipe, 2006). Each of these philosophies represents a model that is known as paradigm for research. According to Mackenzie & Knipe (2006), positivism is the oldest and most widely used philosophy in the research papers.

It is a scientific method that is based on rationale and empiric of the research (Burke, 2007). In the positivism paradigm, various concepts are used. These concepts are quantification, hypothesis and objective measures. In the positivism paradigm, researcher works with observable social reality, rationale and experiences to reach on end result of the research.

According to Burke (2007), interpretive paradigm is used to understand the World of human experiences. In interpretive paradigm, researcher recognizes the impact on research of their background and experience (Burke, 2007). Critical paradigm researcher uses concepts such as distribution of power in the society and political ideology (Mackenzie & Knipe, 2006). According to Mackenzie & Knipe (2006), Positivism paradigm is most commonly aligned with quantitative methods of data collection and analysis (Easterby-Smith, Thorpe & Lowe, 2002). On the other hand, interpretive paradigm and critical paradigm are aligned with mixture of both qualitative and quantitative methods that is known as mixed method (Burke, 2007).

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References
Burke, M.E. (2007), Making Choices: Research Paradigms and Information Management, Library Review, Vol. 56, No. 6, pp. 476-484.
Davies, A & Elder, C. (2006), “The handbook of applied linguistics, Great Britain: Wiley-Blackwell.
Mackenzie, N & Knipe, S. (2006), ‘Research dilemmas: Paradigms, methods and methodology’, [online], Issues in Educational Research, no.16, Available from: http://www.iier.org.au/iier16/mackenzie.html

Before working on a dissertation, it is important to prepare a research proposal. This post is an example of a short research proposal on a marketing topic for your dissertation help.


Title for this research is "Impact of Marketing Strategies on Customer Buying Behavior: A case of ASDA".


Consumer buying behavior is related to the behavior of an individual, which is related to the purchasing of any product of services. It refers to those actions, which are linked with the purchase of products for personal or household use. The customer buying behavior majorly depends on five steps, i.e. identification of the problem, discover the information, finding the alternatives, buying the product and evaluating the usages after purchase or utilization (Pride, Hughes and Kapoor 2011). Different marketing strategies are followed by different retail stores in UK that effectively helps the companies to retain the old customer and attract the potential customers in order to prepare a strong customer base for the organization.

With the help of different marketing strategies organization tries to influence the buying behavior of the customers to increase the sales revenue and to generate profits. Analysis for the buying behavior of the consumer helps the organization to understand the various aspects of the customers such as reason of buying a particular product. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the source from which the customer gets information to buy the products (Lancaster and Massingham 2010).


Research question for the research is as below:

"What are the marketing strategies of the retail company that impact on the buying behavior of the customers?"

Research Objectives

To obtain the answer of the research question, following research objectives have to be achieved by the researcher throughout the research study:

• To explore the need and impact of marketing strategies in organization.
• To analyze relationship of marketing strategy with the buying behaviour of consumers.
• To understand that roles of marketing strategies to influence buying behaviour and improve organization’s financial performance.
• To recommend some alternative solutions to ASDA to maximize the impact of current marketing strategies and implement some innovative marketing strategies.

Under this section literature review on impact of marketing strategies on consumer buying behavior in context of UK multinational company ASDA will be analyzed.


To obtain the research objectives, researcher will have to conduct the research based on the qualitative research methodology (Zikmund 2003). Data collection is based on both the primary and the secondary data collection technique. Primary data collection method includes semi structured interview and survey through questionnaire method that helps the researcher to understand the viewpoint of the target audience about the research objective. Whereas, secondary data collection method includes different sources such as scholars, journal articles, books, authentic websites including company websites, annual report, etc. that helps the researcher to critically evaluate the objective of the research problem (Crowther and Lancaster 2008).


In order to attain the objectives of the research problem and to complete this research in an effective manner the researcher can face some problems regarding the cost, time and research methodology.



References

Pride, W. M., Hughes, R. J. and Kapoor, J. R. (2011) Business. USA: Cengage Learning.

Lancaster, G. and Massingham, L. (2010) Essentials of Marketing Management. USA: Taylor & Francis.

Crowther, D. and Lancaster, G. (2008) Research methods: a concise introduction to research in management and business consultancy. USA: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Zikmund, W.G. (2003) Business Research Methods. USA: Cengage Learning.

This post would be useful for you to develop an understand how to make a research proposal. Research proposal is an important step before starting any research. A very critical aspect of research proposal is research objectives, questions and methodology that would be use to achieve research objectives.

Research Title

The title of this research will be "study the role of human resource management to enhance the productivity of organization"

Introduction

Human Resource Management (HRM) includes the process of managing employees at work to achieve organizational goals and objectives. These goals are achieved by strategic operations with the use of cultural, structural and personal techniques (Schuler and Jackson, 2007). With the change in environment and introduction of globalization, it has become important for the organizations to enhance employees’ productivity at work place. So, it will help to boost employees as well as organizational growth.

Research Question

In relation to this research, following will be the research question:

"How HRM is influencing employees to enhance productivity at work and in what ways?"


Research Objective

In relation to this case, following are the objective of this research:

• To see the relationship between HRM and employees productivity.
• To explore different elements of HRM responsible to enhance employees’ productivity.
• To evaluate the way of influence people for more productivity at work place.
• To identify the role of HRM in the growth of employees as well as organization.

Literature Review

According to Birdi, Wall and Wood (2008) HRM is a practice that enhances employees’ knowledge, skill, attitude and behavior. This enhancement helps to increase company performance. There are many ways for that such as motivate or train employees to work harder and more flexibly, encouraging the use of initiative, reducing the cost of supervision and other direct costs. As well as providing the opportunity for individuals to develop and use new knowledge and skill at work (Birdi, Wall and Wood, 2008). So, the human resource management plays a major part to increase productivity of organization.

On other hand Dysvik and Kuvaas (2008) argued about influencing employees about productivity. They said training and motivation cannot influence every employee in similar way. If employees can perceive that they are not being provided with sufficient training opportunities. It might develop higher turnover intentions (Dysvik and Kuvaas, 2008). So, from this statement it is found that perception of developmental HR practices and turnover intentions are negatively related to each other.

Justification

Employees are regarded to be the most valuable assets of a company. So, it is important for the organizations to have effective human resource management to enhance productivity of employees as well of the organization.

Research Methodology

Secondary source of data collection will be used to gather information regarding the research. Review of different literatures, books, articles, web sources will be used as secondary source of data collection (Goddard & Melville 2004).


Potential Difficulty

Every research has some potential difficulties that affect the creditability of the research. The potential difficulty regarding this research is the time constraints and accessibility of the information sources.

Action Plan

Action plan determines the activities to be taken for the accomplishment of research. Following action plan would be there with time schedule for this research:

References
Birdi, K., Wall, T.D. and Wood, S.J. (2008) The impact of human resource and operational management practices on company productivity: A longitudinal study. Personnel Psychology, 61, p.467-501.
Dysvik, A. and Kuvaas, B. (2008) The relationship between perceived training opportunities, work motivation and employee outcomes. International Journal of Training and Development, 12 (3), p.138-157.
Goddard, W. & Melville, S. (2004) Research Methodology: An Introduction. South Africa: Juta and Company Ltd.
Schuler, R.S. and Jackson, S.E. (2007) Strategic human resource management 2nd ed. Singapore: Wiley-Blackwell.